William andrews



(N0 Model.)

W ANDREWS.

No 255,711. Patented Mar. 28,1882.

VVITN ES5ES= INVENTDR WW 1 i mans, Phclo-lilbagnpher, wmiwmprc UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM ANDREWS, on MADDEN, ASSIGNOR or ONE-HALF "To ZACHARIAH H. WILLIAMS, OF BEACH SPRINGS, MISSISSIPPI.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 255,711, dated March 28, 1882.

- Application filed November 15, 1881. (No model.)

- To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM ANDREWS. a citizen of the United States of America, resid ing at Madden, in the county of Leake and State ofMississi ppi, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Axes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of theinvention, suchas will enable others skilled. in the art to which it appertaius to make and use the same, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form apart of this specification.

1 My invention relates to axes; and itconsists of an ax having a detachable bit,which can easily be replaced, when did], by a new one, thus savingthe timensually consumed in sharpening axes of ordinurfinake during working hours.

In the drawings,Fignre l is a side, and Fig; 2 an end view, of my ax.

A represents an ax, of which B is the bit, 0 is the head, and D is the eye.

' In the upper portion of the bit grooves 11 I),

having square shoulders 11 b at their lower ends, are forined upon both its sides, and its upper portion termiuatesin a rectangular head, I), having square shoulders 1) upon its lower end, as shown.

The heador poll of the ax O is formed of a solid piece of metal, and is pierced by the eye D. Its lower portion is pierced by a rectangular slot, 0, which has projecting into its lower portion the projectionsc 0, having square shoulders 0 0 as shown. In connecting the bit to the head of the ax the rectangular head b passes into theslot c. and the projections c 0 into the grooves 11 b. A square dovetail joint is thus formed between the projections c c, the grooved portion of the bit, and the head b.

By the construction of the bitB with a rectangular head, I), having square shoulders b N, and of the projections c c, with corresponding square shoulders, 0 c forming'a square dove- 5 tail union between the parts, the connection of the hit with the head is capable ofresisting greater strain without springing the parts than was the head made in separate parts.

It will be seen that when striking at an an- .gle the tendency of the hit will be to wrench apart. thejaws of the head between which it is secured. I meet and overcome this tendency by making the head of the ax solid and placing screws 01 through the lower portion of the head v and the bit, which imparts greater strength to the union than if the head were constructed with joined halves and abeveled dovetail union, as shown in the patent to Quasi, No. 96,837.

Extending through each corner of thelower end of the head are, screws 01 d, which act to hold the bit in its place within the head.

What I claim is An ax constructed with a solid head or poll, G, and a detachable hit, B, said poll having formed through its lower portion the rectangular slotc, which has projecting into it the projections c c, provided with square shoulders c 0 and the detachable bit B, having in 76 its upper portion the grooves Zr b, and terminating in a rectangular head, I), having square shoulders 11 0', said shoulders I) forming square dovetail joints with the shoulders c 0 when the bit is placed in the ax, and the whole se- 7 cured together by the screws d, placedthrongh the lower portion of the head and the hit, substantially as shown and described.

In testimony whereofI affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM ANDREWS.

Witnesses:

T. A. HENRY, I. M. MATTAWAY. 

